Superlative and Comparative Adj

Hi everyone! I’m Angie from speakingenglish.co.il!
Prague is older than Miami.
In January, New York is colder than Sydney.
What do these two sentences have in common?
I am comparing two cities or two things.
In the first example: older is describing the noun. A word describing a noun is called an adjective. Prague is older than Miami. I can also say: Miami is younger than Prague. I am comparing Prague and Miami.
In the second example: colder is the adjective. In January, New York is colder than Sydney. I can also say: In January, Sydney is warmer than New York.
When we compare two things, we use comparative adjectives. There are some rules with comparative adjectives:
If an adjective is one syllable, add –er at the end of the adjective followed by than For example Fast. One syllable. Add –er à faster. Another example: great. One syllable. As –er à greater
If we have a one-syllable word, but the spelling is consonant + single vowel + consonant, you double the last letter.
For example, big. B is a consonant. I is a vowel. G is a consonant. Double the g. Bigger.Fat, would be fatter. Double the t.
If the adjective ends in e, we add an r. For example Strange becomes stranger.
If an adjective is two or more syllables, the adjective stays in the infinitive form and we add more before the adjective. more + adjective. For example, This sofa is more comfortable than that one.
If an adjective ends with y, no matter how many syllables, drop the y and add –ier.
For example, happy. We drop the y and add ier. Happy becomes happier. Dry, become drier.
When using these adjectives, we must always add than after.Faster than, bigger than, happier than.
Ok, so what are big, nice, happy, comfortable, etc? Adjectives. Very good And what is the adjective doing in these sentences? Showing the difference,
comparing two things.
When we compare and speak about the difference between two things, we use comparative adjectives.
So now let's look at another form of adjectives.
She is the oldest cousin in my family
David is the cleverest student in the high school.
What do these two sentences have in common?
There is no other cousin in the family who is as old as her.
There is no other student in the high school who is as clever as him.
If an adjective is one syllable, add –est at the end of the adjective.
For example smart. Add –est. Smartest. High. Add –est. Highest.
If the adjective is one syllable, ending in e, add st.
The same rule as with comparative adjectives applies to these adjectives when
doubling the last letter if the adjective is one syllable and the spelling is consonant +
vowel + consonant. For example, sad becomes saddest. Big becomes biggest.
If an adjective ends with y, no matter how many syllables, drop the y and add –iest.
For example Heavy. Drop the y and add –iest. Heaviest. Busy. Drop the y and add –iest.Busiest.
If an adjective is two or more syllables, we use most before the adjective. Ana is the most beautiful girl.
Than is used after the comparative adjective, and the is used before the superlative adjective.
Alright so now you know how, when and why we use comparative and superlative
adjectives, but I must also tell you about some irregular forms…
There are five commonly used adjectives that do not follow any of the rules I have mentioned.
We have in order of adjective, comparative, superlative:
Good à Better à Best
Worse à Worse à Worst
Little à Less à Least
More à More à Most
Far à Further/Farther à Furthest/Farthest

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